Mental illness is the leading cause of disability worldwide. 25% of social security disability insurance have mental illnesses – such as severe depression, bipolar, anxiety, PTSD and intellectual impairment – as their primary diagnosis. Mental illness is the leading cause of social security disability awards for those between the ages of 15 and 44.
Nevertheless, winning a mental illness-based disability case can be a challenge. Here are the 7 keys to winning social security disability benefits for depression.
1. Get Specialized Mental Health Care for Your Mental Illness
Administrative Law Judges that decide social security disability claims at the hearing appeal level are more likely to deem a medical or mental condition disabling if the claimant is receiving regular medical care from a mental health treatment source that specializes in their condition. Mental illness can be diagnosed by general doctors such as family doctors or internists as well as mental health professionals like psychologists and psychiatrists. General doctors often treat patients with mental illness with common Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) medications such as Prozac or Zoloft that have become widely available in the last 20 years. General medical providers, however, generally prefer not to treat serious cases of depression and will often refer patients to a mental health professional such as a psychiatrist or psychologist if they view the mental illness as severe.
Administrative Law Judge’s understand this general dynamic. So if you are not seeing a mental health specialist such as a psychiatrist for your mental illness- if you are only being treated for your mental illness by your general doctor – it is likely the ALJ will suspect your condition is mild and not disabling.
2. Comply With Prescribed Medical Treatment
Social security law provides that a claim can be denied if the claimant fails to follow prescribed medical treatment. This is particularly important in mental illness disability claims because treatments such as talk therapy, counseling, medications and even Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation are effective in at least lessening the severity of mental illness symptoms.
Medications such as SSRIs remain the primary therapy mode for mental disorders. Medications can be expensive and often have unpleasant side effects. Many of the newer medications take some time before showing any benefits, and depressed patients must often try several medications before finding those that are effective. Since depressed patients are by the nature of their disease prone to easy discouragement, these claimants often given up when medications are not initially effective or have side effects. Because we now have many different psychotropic medications for the treatment of depression – with new medications coming online – an administrative law judge will view your abandonment of medicine therapy in a negative light.
Put simply: if you do not follow your psychiatrist’s advice, the ALJ deciding your case will wonder whether you would be able to work if you just followed doctor’s orders.
Regular and Frequent Mental Health Professional Appointments
The social security disability administrative law judge that decides your mental illness-based disability claim will pay careful attention to the frequency of your doctor visits because frequency of visits is a sign of how seriously your psychiatrist views your mental illness.
For example, it is standard practice in psychiatry to schedule doctor visits only twice a year for a “med check” if the patient is stable on their medication. Someone claiming to be disabled due to depression that only sees their psychiatrist for the bi-annual “med check” may have trouble winning their disability case – unless it is clear that the psychiatrist has made many medication changes in the past and the current dosage is simply the best she can do.
Don’t Miss Doctor Appointments
Medical treatment records will always reflect when a patient has missed an appointment. These records may reflect that the patient called with a valid excuse, and certainly the occasional missed appointment is not a problem in a depression-based disability claim.
But records that reflect a pattern of missed appointments – even if the records show the patient called in with “car trouble” or an otherwise valid excuse – will hurt your mental impairment disability claim.
3. Get Doctor Support
Doctor support is important to any claim for social security disability benefits. I have written an extensive article on how to secure your doctor’s help and I urge you to read it.
Doctor support in a mental illness claim may be even more important than in other disability cases because the extent and severity of symptoms are so critical in a mental illness disability case.
Isn’t it Time You Got Serious About Your Social Security Disability Claim?
Free Attorney Consultation-
- Initial applications
- Appeal of denials
- Even if you still work – what should you do now?
Isn’t it Time You Got Serious About Your Social Security Disability Claim?
Free Attorney Consultation-
- Initial applications
- Appeal of denials
- Even if you still work – what should you do now?
4. No Substance Abuse
Substance abuse is bad for a disability case. It is particularly bad for a mental illness based disability claim. Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for those with a mental illness to start abusing substances as a way to “self-medicate”. But the fact that you may turn to substances to “self-medicate” will not mitigate the damage substance abuse will do to your mental illness-based disability claim.
Drugs and alcohol impair our mental state. Alcohol has been shown to exacerbate mental illness symptoms. Though there is no strong evidence, many ALJs believe that drugs and alcohol reduce the effectiveness of medications. They argue the abusing depression claimant’s medication would get them back to work without the drugs and alcohol.
Obviously, the depressed person seeking disability benefits needs to stop substance abuse. For many that can seem a very difficult task. But you should know you do not need to be perfect. But you need to be earnestly working on sobriety.
5. Demonstrable Evidence of Profound Mental Illness Symptoms
The disability case for a mental illness is unique in that nearly all of us have been depressed or experienced psychological turmoil and distress at some time in our lives. Many of us walk around with a low grade depression that affects the joy we experience in life yet does not keep us from working. This is not true, for example, with a mental disability case based upon Schizophrenia where few of us have experience a psychotic break.
Therefore the extent and severity of the mental illness symptoms is particularly key to winning disability due to depression.
“Situational” Depression or Mental Distress Symptoms
Social security has traditionally denied mental disability claims if the symptoms, particularly depression, is considered “situational”. Situation depression is often diagnosis as “adjustment disorder” based upon significant life stressors such as divorce, loss of a job, death of a family member or other life trauma. “Situational” depression contrasts with “major” or “clinical” depression – conditions in which the depression symptoms are not grounded in actual life events.
In theory, a disability claim based upon adjustment disorder should be no more difficult to win than one based upon clinical depression. In fact, the more your depression can be categorized as your just “going through a rough patch” the less likely your depression-based disability claim will be approved.
Yet depression symptoms cannot easily be separated from life circumstances. Skilled social security disability representation can help clarify for the ALJ that depression symptoms are not going to disappear once the claimant has “gotten over” their life trauma.
6. Meet or Equal the Listing Level for Depression
In social security law the “listings” represent a set of findings, facts and criteria for a given condition that medical experts agree are disabling. Meeting or equaling a “listing” is a short cut to a favorable decision, but failing to meet or equal a listing does not mean the claim will automatically be denied. The listing for depression is often the path ALJs take to a favorable decision. I think this is because there is less “guess work” in assessing the severity of depression symptoms because the criteria under the Listing for depression are clearly set out.
Evidence of Clear Struggle to Work
Failing at work due to the symptoms of a medical or mental condition is strong evidence in support of the disability claim. This is particularly helpful in a depression-based disability case because it clarifies the nature and extent of depression symptoms. Some ALJs – when faced with a depression-based disability case- have a suspicion in the back of their minds that the depressed claimant has just “given in” to their depression. Trying to work and failing is strong evidence to the contrary.
7. Give Credible & Balanced Testimony
Credible testimony from the claimant seeking depression-based disability is critical. Many depressed persons tend to “catastrophize“. According to the APA Dictionary of Psychology, to catastrophize is “to exaggerate the negative consequences of events or decisions.” The typical “catastrophizer” will testify in their hearing in a way that can seem to the ALJ to be exaggeration or a lack of truthfulness.
On the other hand, it is quite common for depressed persons to have trouble being fully honest about the extent of their symptoms. Our “big boys don’t cry” culture can make it particularly hard for man with severe depression to admit to their severe symptoms. Depressed men and woman alike often are ashamed that they are not “tough enough” or are “weak” and fail in their disability hearings to admit how extensive their symptoms are.
Depression disability claimants not to find the “sweet spot” in their disability hearing: No exaggeration but no “under-reporting”.